Borstal Boy by Brendan Behan (1958)

Borstal Boy by Brendan Behan (1958)In the late 1930s, at the tender age of sixteen, Brendan Behan is a junior member of the Irish Republican Army and is arrested in London with a suitcase of explosives in his possession. Borstal Boy follows his journey through the British juvenile detention system and overcoming his prejudices. While Borstal Boy is full of an infectious boyish warmth, the differences between correctional facilities then and now gives it a sense of innocence, even naiveté,  that is difficult to ignore.

[...] but it was not reallly the length of the sentence that worried me–for I had always believed that if a fellow went into the I.R.A. at all he should be prepared to throw the handle after the hatchet, die dog or shite the licence–but that I’d sooner be with Charlie and Ginger and Browny in Borstal than with my own comrades and countrymen any place else. It seemed a bit disloyal to me that I should prefer to be with boys from English cities than with my own countrymen and comrades from Ireland’s hills and glens.

Considering the intentions of his crime – to bomb English shipyards – Behan’s political views are rarely spoken about. They come up in his various trials, where he prepares speeches that sound as though all the information and rhetoric has been passed down to him by his superiors, but when brought up by his fellow prisoners and his friends, his allegiance to his home country isn’t spoken about in political terms. Behan seems more concerned about the conflict between his political leanings and his Catholic faith – especially as he is excommunicated and not to attend special prison services.

The use of slang and the different dialects of the prisoners and the prison officers establishes the class and race differences effectively, without putting too much of a didactic point on it. Behan has so many charming phrases at the ready, and the rhyming slang is infectious. Brendan’s ease of relating to others, even those who presumably he should be against, gradually allows him to overcome his prejudices, but this occurs in such a subtle manner. It doesn’t come across as  Brendan learning to look past differences, but of the strength and importance of his friendships with individuals from all classes. The dialects give the characters such strong voices – you can hear them perfectly in your mind. Brendan’s constant referencing and singing of songs, to himself, to and with his peers,  or as part of church services, also give the text a strong, almost audible voice.

He was dead lonely; more lonely than I and with more reason. The other fellows might give me a rub about Ireland or about the bombing campaign, and that was seldom enough, and I was never short of an answer, historically informed and obscene, for them. But I was nearer to them than they would ever let Ken be. I had the same rearing as most of them; Dublin, Liverpool, Manchester, Glasgow, London. All our mothers had all done the pawn–pledging on Monday, releasing on Saturday. We all knew the chip shop and the picture house and the fourpenny rush of a Saturday afternon, and the summer swimming in the canal and being chased along the railway by cops.
But Ken they would never accept. In a way, as the middle-class and upper-class in England spend so much money and energy in maintaining the difference between themselves and the working-class, Ken was only getting what his people paid for but, still and all, I couldn’t help being sorry for him, for he was more of a foreigner than I, and it’s a lonely thing to be a stranger in a strange land.

Borstal Boy shows us the monotony of an imprisonment, the routines and the expectations. However, Behan’s colourful turns of phrase and the heavy use of slang and dialects, as well as the surprisingly warm friendships he makes with his inmates – Charlie in particular – doesn’t turn this monotony onto the reader. As he walks around his cell, reads literature provided by the prison library, works, and finds new ways to keep warm, Behan always remains lively. The routine is lost somewhat once Brendan is sent to the Borstal Institution, as he has his friends with him and the rules seem to be considerably less strict than in detention.

Still, it’s hard not to notice the comparative innocence of it all. Surely it is unlikely that today a young boy captured with the intent to use a suitcase full of explosives would be sent to a Borstal, free to roam the grounds and mingle with others? Likewise, his friends have committed serious crimes – everything from petty theft, to rape and murder. Rather than detention or prison, the institutions Brendan finds himself in are almost camp like, not what we would expect today at all. There is even a sense of excitement about being moved to the Borstal by the sea. Is it likely that Charlie and Brendan would be kept together since their arrest? While Borstal Boy is surprisingly warm, and Brendan Behan a hugely likable character, it’s difficult to consider it as an accurate look at juvenile correctional facilities – as a period piece though, it’s definitely a gem.

Book Loot: Week Ending May 9th, 2010

The Debutantes by Marta Aronssohn-Danzig (c1889)A few more of my Fitzgerald set have been arriving this week, only a couple more due in and then I’ve completed my whole set and sense of fulfillment and happiness will surely follow.

And, a whole bunch of links of good reading for you all.

Picture credit: The Debutantes by Marta Aronssohn-Danzig (c1889); nothing to do with anything, really, I just like the look on their faces: “really Jess?, you’re talking about Carson McCullers again? Sigh.”

A Cool Million by Nathanael West (1934)

A Cool Million by Nathanael West (1934)After reading Miss Lonelyhearts and The Dream Life of Balso Snell, I was left thinking “this Nathanael West dude is ten shades of grim, but at least he’s got a sense of humour about it.” Reading West’s third novel, A Cool Million, reaffirms this thought. West isn’t afraid to drag his characters through physical and mental hell, but somehow – mainly due to his use of black humour – he doesn’t take the reader on the same trip. Apparently A Cool Million is a “brutal satire of Horatio Alger’s novels of eternal optimism”, but as I’m not familiar with Alger’s work (or, heh, eternal optimism), much of the commentary on this level eludes my understanding. However, A Cool Million works as a dissection of hopeful gullibility and blind faith in strangers, tearing down the American dream of striking it rich.

Lemuel Pitkin is the hopeless hopeful of A Cool Million, a young boy who sets out on the advice of his admired elders to make money to save his family home from being repossessed. But this isn’t the story of a young scout making his fortune through hard work and sheer determination, rather our friend Lem inherently trusts everyone he meets – and is taken advantage of in every manner possible. Lem trusts the insight of his elders, especially the wacky Mr. Shagpoke Whipple who leads him in the wrong direction every single time. Lem’s lack of consciousness and awareness of the greed and deceit of others is astounding. Not only does our man Lem lose his money, over and over, but he loses his eye, his teeth, his thumb, his leg and his scalp, but never his blind hope; the same cannot be said for his dignity.

Lem lost track of Mr. Whipple when the meeting broke up, and was unable to find him again although he searched everywhere. As he wandered around, he was shot at several times, and it was only by the greatest of good luck that he succeeded in escaping with his life.
He managed this by walking to the nearest town that had a depot and there taking the first train bound northeast. Unfortunately, all his money had been lost in the opera house fire and he was unable to pay for a ticket. The conductor, however, was a good-natured man. Seeing that the lad had only one leg, he waited until the train slowed down at a curve before throwing him off.

It’s not only Lem that suffers misfortune at the hands of others – his sweetheart Betty is beaten and sold as a sex slave into a brothel that features a woman from every country on earth. When chance gives Lem the opportunity to rescue her, he fails in his mission and instead is put to work in the brothel as well – only to disgust a rich maharajah when his teeth and glass eye fall out. It seems somehow fitting that Lem ends up in the entertainment industry, at first as a sideshow feature (the last man to be scalped by Indians!) and then as a stooge for a comedy duo. Then he is shot, on stage while giving a political speech to incite favour for Whipple’s new political party, by a mysterious figure who has shown up previously. In death, Lem becomes a martyr for Whipple’s cause and they sing celebratory songs in his honour.

I can’t help but wonder whether, as it seems  much of A Cool Million‘s commentary seems to rely on a knowledge of Horatio Alger’s novels, that it loses some of the urgency or power without this point of reference. That A Cool Million appears to be one of West’s minor works – in an oeuvre of four short novels – seems to confirm this suspicion. However, if you like your fiction bleak, your protagonist downtrodden (and then some), and your pessimism reaffirmed – A Cool Million is a comedy of the blackest variety.

Hollywood Ending by Kathy Charles (2009)

Hollywood Ending by Kathy Charles (2009)I loved Kathy Charles’ Hollywood Ending. I just wanted to say it up front so that you know what to expect for the next 500 words. When I was writing my undergraduate thesis, I would always get strange looks when I answered inquiring minds who wanted to know what my thesis was about. Death. Two years spent writing, watching films, reading and thinking about death. Although it was a brief look into the frustratingly ignored area of the combination of youth and death in teen cinema, it was also an attempt to come to terms with my own anxiety about death and loss. So yeah, you could say that I seriously over-identified with the death-obsessed protagonist of Hollywood Ending.

Hilda and her best friend Benji are on their summer holidays, and are spending their extra free time seeking out the locations and gathering mementos from the places in Los Angeles where celebrities have died. Their morbid obsession leads them to a Bukowski-esque old man, Hank, who lives in an apartment where a silent movie star (based on Lou Tellegen) fatally stabbed himself with a pair of scissors. Hilda is increasingly drawn to the reclusive and mysterious Hank, while her friendship with Benji deteriorates as he becomes disturbingly more involved in his obsession with death.

‘I read an interesting theory the otherday,’ Benji continued. ‘Some religions believe that when we die we are reincarnated, and some souls just aren’t ready to come back. They haven’t dealt with all the things in their past life and they aren’t at peace, and when they come back into the world they can’t handle it. People who are crazy or killers are souls that weren’t ready to come back, and just can’t adjust to the world again. It’s the same with suicides.’
‘So suicides are lost souls?’ I asked. Benji didn’t look at me.
‘I don’t know. That’s just what I read.’

What I love about this novel is that this obsession is never portrayed or treated as bizarre or sick. Some of the other characters comment on how odd it is for a young girl to be so obsessed by mortality, but there is never any serious judgement regarding their hobby. The inclusion of real life death stories of celebrities gives Hollywood Ending a necessary pop cultural background (and propels the reader toward further investigation), but sometimes the incessant name dropping does seem to be a tactic to prove to the reader, and the characters to each other, just how hip they are – however, it didn’t grate as much as it usually would as it seemed to aid the development and understanding of the characters. The fact that Benji wears a Nine Inch Nails t-shirt while investigating Cielo Drive, the site of the Manson family murder of Sharon Tate and others – Nine Inch Nails frontman Trent Reznor owned the property and recording an EP and an album there in the early 1990s – suggests that there is another level of awareness that this constant referencing is working on.

For some people this unpleasant image would have been enough, but I wanted more. I wanted to see the autopsy photos: the incisions made by the coroner’s blade, the thick, careless stitches that left the deceased looking like Frankenstein’s monster. But what I wanted to see most was an image from the inner sanctum: the photographs of Belushi lying dead in his hotel bed, his naked body seeping gas and fluid onto the sheets. This was the money shot, the point of impact where life abruptly ended. To see how a celebrity looked at the very moment of passing, that mysterious instant where life just stopped. That was what I lived for.

The friendship between Hilda and Benji – particularly Benji’s descent into disconnection from the reality of life – could have been explored more deeply (why, for instance, despite the disturbing and extreme changes  in his behaviour – gravedigging, the fish experiments, visiting the morgue to look at corpses – does Hilda sleep with Benji? At the same time knowing that she is being dishonest with him?) but the relationship between Hank and Hilda was more than complex enough to keep me engaged. The introduction of Jake, Hank’s screenwriter neighbour, offered an interesting perspective on surveillance of people – mirroring the Hollywood tabloid obsession with celebrities. When Hilda discovers that Jake has been listening in on her private conversations with Hank, and using them as screenplay fodder, she is horrified by his breach of her privacy. And yet, isn’t her fascination with the lives and deaths of celebrities (and even Hank) operating on the same premise?

Nonetheless, I really, really loved Hollywood Ending. I loved the themes, I loved the writing, I loved the characters. I don’t know how else to say it without becoming redundant. Much more than morbid teenagers fascinated by Hollywood deaths, Hollywood Ending is a life-affirming look at the possibility of moving forward and moving beyond the pains of the past.

Note: Hollywood Ending is being re-titled and released in the United States as John Belushi is Dead, published by MTV Books, ISBN: 9781439187593.

[If you too are interested in the Hollywood and celebrity death scene, I highly recommend Kathy Charles' blog - although be very aware that you may come away from it with a reading list as long as your arm. Lord knows I need more books to read like a hole in the head/scissors through the chest/bottle cap lodged in my throat.]

Book Loot: Week Ending May 2nd, 2010

A warning to all, especially those on self-imposed book buying bans, this post features an obscene amount of books. First, some ebay packages arrived. Then I found out one of my favourite secondhand bookstores in the city was going out of business and selling all their books for $1. Yes, $1. I set myself a modest limit of $20 and let loose, coming out with only (cough, only? My shoulder and hands disagree) 19 books. The day after the sale ended, my sister happened to be wandering by and they were chucking books into a dumpster; she scored some really good stuff too.

And then, yes, that’s just my loot from during the week, there was Clunes. I came well under budget, spending much less than I thought I would. It was a great day, lovely surrounds and buildings, a good vibe, a few friendly dogs and lots of books.  Here’s my haul:

And, a few interesting articles from the week: